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Should Inuit continue the hunt for the bowhead whale?

Why do we kill a peaceful animal like a bowhead in order to revive a part of our culture? The bowhead is an endangered species and it has almost become extinct. In history its population has decreased by more than 10,000. (Vlessides, 1998, p. 2). Inuit believe that hunting whale did not have any significant impact on the bowhead whale population. It is important to know more information about hunting bowhead before we allow Inuit to hunt them. Hunting whales is not justifiable because it is not important to the cultural survival of Inuit people.

The first reason why hunting bowhead is not justifiable for the revival of Inuit culture is because Inuit are using modern technology instead of the harpoon, which was a traditional tool used to hunt with. Although the use of the modern technology is evolution in hunting practices, it has caused many problems for the environment such as killing animals more quickly. Not enough time remains to use the hunted meat, which creates toxins when it is spoiled. Vlessides, in his article p.5, “licence to whale,” states that most of the whale meat spoiled and was not stored in refrigerator quickly. Therefore, not many people received meat or benefited from the whale. The way of hunting has changed and the way of using the whale meat has also changed for the worse.

Next, using modern technology in hunting is not as exciting as hunting by harpoon, which is used traditionally. ”Kusugak likens the excitement of the hunt to a deal brokered on Wall Street” (Vlessides, 1998, p. 4). Hunting is not exciting any more because Inuit just shoot the whales with a gun. Although there were 100 people celebrating hunting the whale, they went home without benefiting from the meat of the whale and also did not stay until the end of the celebration. Thus hunting today misses an important part of Inuit tradition.

Hunting a whale is killing a peaceful animal and it has a right to live. According to Community Panel Members in “First Nations law: A wholistic Approach to Extended Families,” “Each [First] Nation [people] has its own unique traditions by which members relate to each other and to the environment they inhabited”. However, Inuit have to respect the law for hunting whale because over time they changed the way they hunt bowhead. As a result, they do not give bowhead a chance to multiply. Bowhead have a right to live and multiply.

Thus, hunting whales is not right because it does not revive Inuit culture. Using modern technology does not lead to the survival of Inuit culture or the feeling of excitement during the hunting of whales. Also, giving a license to hunt one whale encourages Inuit to do more illegal hunting. Whales have a right to live and proliferate like people. Hence, we need to protect the future of the bowhead from extinction.

Should students have a right to receive complete information about sex?

“Academic pornography” or “a basic human right”? Sex education is a very controversial issue. Since 1940, in the United States, the Public Health Service advocated sex education as important in schools. However, sex education in the early years was about family life education. Since the late 1960s, conservatives and health advocates argued about teaching sex education in schools. The early protesters tried to ban sex education completely, but with increasing rates of sexually transmitted diseases (HIV/AIDS) and teen pregnancy, in the mid 1980s, the Christian Right argued instead for abstinence-only education (Pardini,1989). The Christian Right believes sex education is a parent’s job and teaching sex in schools can encourage teens to have sex and lead them to have bad morals. However, health advocates look the other way because they think that having sex education in schools is crucial because they believe it reduces sexually transmitted diseases and teen pregnancy. According to Elizabeth Gleick et al., nearly 90% of students who have taken sex education found the classes are useful for them. Therefore, sex education should be taught in schools as supplemental education because children may or may not receive it at home from their parents.

First of all, some researchers argue that sex education, with information about contraception and condom-use, encourages teens to become sexually active and this information should not be talked about until they get married. For example, Dr. Joe McIlhaney of the Medical Institute for Sexual Health is against teaching sex education: “That’s stupid to think, ‘Well, they’re going to do it, there’s nothing we can do’ when it is as risky as it is for them” (Abstinence-Only programs on rise, 2004). He claims that “teaching kids about contraceptives, encourages them to use contraceptives” (Abstinence-Only programs on rise, 2004). However, teaching teens about sex does not make teens want to experiment or become promiscuous. In fact, there is no proof that sex educated teens are more promiscuous than other teens (Gasiorowski, 1988, p.3). According to Canadian studies, the impact of sex education on a teenager’s behaviour does not lead him or her to be promiscuous (McKay, 2004, p.5). Without sex education, the number of teens 18 and under who are no longer virgins would still increase. In fact, the data shows that only 30 percent of teenagers age 18 and under are not virgins (Gleick, 1994, p.1). Therefore, more and more teens are sexually active, and abstinence-only education will not prevent unintentional pregnancies or sexually transmitted diseases (Gasiorowski, p.3).
In fact, without enough information about condom-use or contraception, the rate of teen pregnancy may also increase. According to McKay, the rate of unwanted teen pregnancies has decreased substantially during the last quarter of the twentieth century because of sex education. Statistics in Canada show that the pregnancy rate among 15 to 19 year-olds decreased from 41.7 per 1,000 in 1989 to 40.2 in 1999 and 38.2 in 2000. The pregnancy rate among 15 to 17 year olds decreased from 24.5 per 1,000 in 1998 to 22.7 in 1999 and 21.6 in 2000 (Statistics Canada, 2003, in McKay, p.2). Also, the increasing rates of sexually transmitted diseases has added more importance to teaching sex education (Wikipedia. P.1). Therefore, research shows that it is beneficial for teens to receive complete information about condom-use and sexually transmitted diseases, and the most qualified people to do this are health care professionals and educators.

Second, many abstinence-only supporters argue that sex education should be a parents role, and should not be taught in schools. According to Dr. James Kenny, parents should be the only ones who give children sex education, and not schools or books, because secular schools cannot teach morals and what is right or wrong. Schools teach teens about anatomy and physiology. Kenny states that parents are available any time for their children and they are in the best position to answer any questions. Also, he argues that they have more opportunities than school teachers to give sexual information in a normal way (Kenny, 1989, p.16). The role of parents can not be ignored. However, many parents do not have accurate information about sex: 54% of parents do not have enough information and 96% of students like to be taught about sex in school (Gasiorowski. p.111). Also, unfortunately, not many parents carry out their duties or responsibilities to educate their family members (Gasiorowski. p.7). In addition, when a child asks his or her parents “where do babies come from,” his or her parents will be stunned and maybe will not give the child a correct answer. Therefore, parents should not be the only ones to teach teens about sex because they may not have sufficient information or they may not have the encourage to tell their children.

In addition, abstinence-only supporters from the Religious Right believe that sex education should focus on the traditional moral values represented by sexual abstinence. For instance, Reverend Jerry Falwell, a religious fundamentalist and conservative activist in America, believes that sex education causes moral decline (Gasiorowski, p.2). Federal abstinence-only programs teach teenagers that abstinence from sex is a healthy choice for them and they should remain abstinent until they get married (Government Urged to End Abstinence-only Education, 2006, p.2). Indeed, being abstinent until marriage is not a bad thing, but not many teenagers remain abstinent until they get married. Also, Americans statistics show that few people remain abstinent until then. In addition, these programs prevent teenagers from having the right to receive important information about sex, such as safer sex and contraception (Government Urged to End Abstinence-only Education, 2006, p.2). If teenagers do not have enough information about sexually transmitted diseases, they may resort to having sex with a strange person who may be infected with AIDS. Consequently, informing teens about sexually transmitted diseases can help them to be protected from unsafe sex.

The responsibility for teaching sex education should be shared between parents and schools. Parents can not be the only people teaching teens about sex. According to researchers, sex education has a big impact on reducing unwanted teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. Also, it does not encourage teens to have sex or to become promiscuous. Knowing the seriousness of sexually transmitted diseases can help teens to remain abstinent. Therefore, because of the risks of having unprotected sex, sex education is very necessary for teens and it should be taught in schools.

The main causes of increase the rate of divorce

Recently divorce has become a major issue, and many young people rush to the courts as soon as they find themselves a little dissatisfied with each other. Most couples, when they get angry or in trouble, make a quick decision without think deeply. Unfortunately, some couples choose divorce as a solution when they are unable to continue their relationship. Therefore, in order to avoid divorce, people should understand some important reasons why couples get divorced. There are three main reasons that may cause divorce: drugs abuse, stress, and lack of communication and romantic interaction.

The first significant cause of the recent rise in the rate of divorce is drug addiction. An addicted husband or wife looks like a negative person and someone incapable of being honest. Also, sometimes an addict is moody and changes his or her mind. If someone argues with addicts, they will start to fight and bring trouble, which lacks the romance and leads to hostililty. Moreover, if one is an addict, he or she usually has trouble concentrating because drugs damage brain cells and change the person’s temper and personality. Also, addicts sometimes can not be aware of what they did and they can not control their behaviour. Moreover, addicts always ask to be alone, which results in a lack of communcation and romantic interaction. Also, when a husband or wife is addicted to drugs, the children don’t like them because they are nervous and moody. Also,an addict’s children find it difficult to argue and discuss their proplems with or them because they know they will get quickly angry. In addition, usually, if addicts get angry, they start fighting over little things. Most divorces are caused by drugs and not by alcohol, whereas in North America, divorce can result from drugs and alcohol. For example, in the writer’s personal experience, an addicted husband ruined his family by beating his wife and children in Saudi Arabia. His children were surprised at how their father acted and started hating to be at home. Because the husband was unaware of his behaviour and mood, his wife and children did not endure living with him and went to a court in order to end their relationship. Consequently, most addicts are divorced or not married because they are moody and it is difficult to live with them.

Another cause of the recent increase in divorce rates is stress. Like in America, people also suffer from stress and pressure. Recently, many couples are under considerable pressure to earn money and cover their expenses. Some families can earn money, but maybe it is inadequate for them. Therefore, they think about divorce and end their marriage. In addition, when a husband or a wife is laid off, the stress affects their family members, which may lead to divorce. Therefore, when the rates of unemployment increase, the divorce rates can also rise. For example, in the writer’s personal experience, in Saudi Arabia, a husband had many children and wanted to improve his financial situation. Therefore, he invested most of his money in a company. Unfortunately, the company went bankrupt and all the investors lost their money. As a result of these finical troubles, his stress increased a lot. Therefore, he chose to divorce his wife and family to escape from these problems. In addition, another source of stress is children. For example, when children are naughty, they bring a lot of problems and stress to their parents, which makes a husband or a wife hates being married. Also, when a child gets sick, his/her parents will be worried, which increase their stress.

In addition, another main cause of divorce is a lack of romantic interaction and communication. Working most of the time makes couples busy and less communicate less. For example, when both come home from work, they feel tired and do not spend much time together. In addition, sometimes they also work at home, like a teacher who marks students’ assignments. For this reason, they are quiet most the time and have inadequate time to talk about their opinions or problems, which may lead to huge problems and divorce. In addition, if couples are quiet when they have problems, the little problems could expand into huge problems, which lead to divorce. Therefore, when couples communicate more, the possibility of getting divorce is reduced. In addition, romantic interaction can enhance the relationship between couples. For example, when a couple does not kiss, they feel that they are dissatisfied with each other, which may lead them to find another person to love. In the writer’s personal experience, in Saudi Arabia, there was a couple that rarely had romantic interactions. Having much work led the husband to be busy most the time. Therefore, his wife cheated on him because she was not satisfied with him. Also, less romantic interaction makes a couple dislike each other and they feel they do not love each other. As a result, they do not like to live together and start to think about divorce.

All the evidence above reveals how drugs, stress, and a lack of communication and romantic interaction can lead to divorce. In fact, it is difficult to live with an addicted husband or wife because his or her temper and behaviour are difficult to control. However, spouses should avoid divorce as much as possible. If they have difficulties and problems, they should try to work out their differences and seek help from their relatives or friends or professional counselors. Also, a husband or wife must be patient with each other if they see something in his or her that he or she disapproves of. Finally, each partner should have some romantic interaction and treat the other properly.

What are The Effects of Sleep Deprivation?

Why do we need to sleep? Are there negative effects if we do not sleep? Being unknowing the serious affects of sleepless, leads many people to not sleep enough. Sleeping is an important part of our daily lives and everyone can not live without it. In fact, one third of our lives are spent in sleep (Crider et al., 1986). Without sleeping, we would not be able to perform well and concentrate. However, many people, especially students do not get enough of it. They continue to sleep less than they need to. Having many important tasks leads them to stay up late. As a result, most students struggle to stay awake because they did not get enough sleep the night before or have deprived themselves of sleep for a while. They do not think about the negative effects of sleep deprivation. In addition, sleep deprivation is called as insufficient amount of sleep (Wikipedia, 2005). Many people do not get enough sleep to feel healthy during the day. Sleep deprivation is a huge problem all over the world because sleep is a basic necessity of life. Unfortunately, due to too much work or too much studying, many people do not get the necessary amount of sleep that they need each night to be fully rested for the next day. When they feel drowsy, they cope with sleep deprivation by drinking coffee and tea in the morning to wake them up. Even though many people are awake, how will they expect a good performance during the day? Recent studies have shown that 47 million adults are badly affected by sleep deprivation in USA (Wikipedia, 2005). The issue of sleep deprivation is not a new one. Since ancient time, people were wondering about sleep and sleepless. Also, before Aristotle’s time people considered the effects of sleep deprivation, Tiredness, headache, burning eyes and joint pain and reducing the desire to have sex were the symptoms of sleep deprivation in that time. Aristotle people believed that sleep helps to get rid of fatigue produced accumulating during the day. This paper will focus on the effects of sleep deprivation and give some advices in order to get a good night’s sleep. Sleep deprivation may affect performance, mood and an immune system (Kushida, 1996, p.31).

First of all, sleep deprivation has significant affects performance because the ability of brain needs a rest. When a person counter sleep deprivation by drinking coffee or tea, his/ her brain will need to concentrate and work more than usual. Also, being sleep deprived leads to impair our thinking, memory, speech and concentrating. Moreover, the ability to solve a problem can be affected by lack of sleep. Everyday people are faced with simple problems that need to be solved, but sleep deprivation makes it much more difficult for people (Medical Editorial Board, 2005). Indeed, the brain is not working correctly without sufficient sleep. While doing even simple tasks without enough sleep, we will feel that different parts of our brain are not being activated. Furthermore, most recent studies show that total sleep deprivation impairs and damages memory. People having sleep deprivation find it difficult to be able to learn or speak (Kushida, 1996, p.207). On the other hand, when a person does not get enough sleep, it becomes more difficult to communicate to others. Also, when a person does not get sleep enough, he/she will find it is hard to get the right words to speak or say what he/she is thinking. Accessing to long term memory and being able to concentrate is impaired by sleep deprivation. Consequently, there is a direct relation between a memory and sleep deprivation (Kushida, 1996, p.194:213). In addition, the study states that the percentage of accidents involved sleep deprivation is 16 to 60 (Wikipedia, 2005). According to researchers in Australia and New Zealand, being drunk is the same effects as having sleep deprivation. When a person does not sleep enough, he/she is as a person who is affected by 0.5 percentage of alcohol. Therefore, being sleep deprived may lead to have a serious accident. And people driving without enough sleep are taking unnecessary risk (Wikipedia, 2005).
Second, sleep deprivation also has a strong effect on mood. People having sleep deprivation will go from feeling tired to feeling a heavy sense of exhaustion. Without enough sleep, people will feel bad-tempered (Rock & Kat, 2001) Also, they can not control their emotion and their mood are getting worse. For example, we observe that most students who had not sleep enough are less participate in class than who had enough sleep. Sleep deprivation helps to increase stress and fatigue which leads to bad temper (Medical Editorial Board, 2005). Therefore, sleep deprivation changes our behavior and makes it worse. for instance, most students who are in bad mood and not active in class are not sleep enough.

Confusion, irritability, exhaustion, difficulty concentrating, increased sleepiness and decreased motivation are symptoms of mood changes. With enough sleep deprivation, it has been found that some begin to hallucinate because a brain needs to a rest and without the rest many cells in brain are killed by sleep deprivation. (Medical Editorial Board, 2005). Also, we feel drowsy and are unable to concentrate after not getting enough sleep. Without a sufficient amount of sleep, our behaviour and our ability to do things are impaired. For instance, many police officers who work at night behave improperly. Also, some of them act and use the force inappropriately (Cochrane, 2001)

Not only does sleep deprivation affect on mood and behaviour but it also affects an immune system. Sleep and the immune system have a strong relationship (Medical Editorial Board, 2005). For example, when a person stays awake, his/ her body’s defenses are lowered because an immune system has to focus on staying awake and keeping up with the person who refuses to give in and sleep. This leads the individual to be more susceptible to illness, and to get sicker and for a longer period of time when an illness is contracted. Moreover, early studies show that increasing of lethal bacteria which leads to death, is a result from total sleep deprivation. Because when a person does not sleep enough, his/ her immune system can not fight the bacteria or virus in the body (Kushida, 1996, p.360-381). Additionally, at the University of Chicago, experts deprived a rat from sleeping and after two and half weeks it died (Springen, 1998). Therefore, lack of sleep can decrease the function of our immune system and sleep seems to be important in order for this system to work properly.

In summary, according to researchers, sleep deprivation has a big impact on our health and well being. Not only that, but it also may affect our brain and memory. Also, when we do not get enough sleep, it becomes difficult to communicate and concentrate. Sleep deprivation can change our mood and makes us act improperly. An Immune system, which is fighting bacteria in our bodies, can be affected by sleep deprivation. According to Peter et al, there is some advice to get a good night’s sleep. Avoiding caffeine, nicotine and alcohol can help to get a good rest. Also, we should have a light snack before going to a bed. The bedroom should be kept cool, dark and quiet in order to sleep well. Finally we should avoid all sleeping pills except if a doctor prescribes them.

Gun control and gun rights

The issue of gun control in the United States is not a new one. Many debates were made without a good result. Even though the statistics show the highest percent of gun murders is in the United States, most people love to have a gun. According to Gerard Taylor in his article” stop living in fear” the law of controlling bullet, increasing tax of it and delaying people to buy a gun have achieved successfully. However, if a person wants to commit a crime, he/she will buy a gun at any price. Criminals don’t care about how much they will pay to get a gun; they just focus on how they will do a crime. In addition, if criminals plan to commit crimes, they rarely change their minds. Furthermore, how can we reduce gun murders in the United States and gun companies are advocating to gun rights and glamorizing high grade model of guns through their advertisings! Agreeing with owning a gun doesn’t solve the problem or help us to reduce crimes, it creates a criminal society that everyone wants to protect him/her self and loves a gun .Getting a gun easily is the major reason for increasing a gun murders in the United States. Because of the accessibility of owning a gun, most people are worried and feel unsafe. A Gun is an easy tool to commit a crime. If we make a gun available in every store, we will be unsafe every day at any place. Other tools for committing crime can be less dangerous than guns. If we look at the statistic, we will never find the rate of murders by knife is high. In addition, the excuse of owning a gun as self defense has created lots of problems. Granted, if every family in the United States owns a gun, the rate of the gun murders would never decrease. While people believe that owning a gun can help them to protect themselves, their children will use their guns to protect themselves during a fight. Teens have a desire to try everything. Being strong and acting as an adult are kind of how they behave today. They may get their parents gun and commit impulse crimes or they may kill their parents if they disagree with them. According to a recent Harvard School of Public Health Survey, “59 percent of children in the sixth to twelfth grade said it was easy for them to get handguns”. Consequently, while we are voting for gun rights and having a big market share in a gun industry, we will never life in peace. We should restrict guns and curb gun violence before it becomes unsolvable.

Obesity

Why are many people overweight? The issue of obesity problem is not a new one. If we look at the United State, we can find a lot of people are suffering from obesity. Even though they exercise every day, their weight doesn’t change too much. Some people gain weight easily, whereas others seem to stay the same weight for many years. These differences may be due to genetic factors. In fact the causes of obesity haven’t been totally understood. However, some causes appear to be very simple and others very complicated. There are two reasons that may cause obesity; eating fast food and lack of exercise.

First of all, the main cause of obesity is eating a lot of fast food. Even though many people hate to be obese, they are still eating a lot of fast food. Eating too much fat food make people obese and also increase heart disease. Moreover, People eating fast foods that are high in fat are more likely to gain weight than people who cook at home. Unhealthy body, stress, and illness result from eating much fast food. Because fast food or junk food has a lot of fat, many people feel lazy after eating it. In addition, most of fast foods are cooked by unclean oil that leads to increase cholesterol in our blood.
Not only cause obesity eating a lot of fast food or junk food but lack of exercise and sitting at home can also cause obesity. Every person needs to exercise, because without exercising we can get many diseases. Regular exercise can help us to control our weight and improve fitness too. While a person works out everyday, he/she will never be overweight. Furthermore, People exercising everyday are much less likely to gain weight than those who spend most of their day sitting in front of the TV. Therefore, exercising is really significant for us, because it reduces our risk of problems such as obesity and heart.
To sum up, avoiding junk food and eating healthy food can help us to lose unnecessarily weight. Also, we should stay active and exercise at least 30 to 60 minutes every day. Our exercise doesn't have to be hard, either. Walking, swimming, and jumping are all good ways to burn fat and help us stay fit.
We should never stop exercisin

g, because people who don’t exercise are at risk for serious health problems. As a result regular exercise and good eating habits can help people lose weight and be fit.